1.Vatica diospyroides ,This small tree is endemic to peninsular Thailand, growing gregariously in the vicinity of swampy areas (Nong Thung Thong), but also found in lowland evergreen forest, limestone formations in Phangnga and Trang, below 100 m altitude. Flower has a strong pleasant fragrance. Flowering: January-April; Fruiting: February-August. The plant is used as cardiac tonic.
2.Myristicaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists; it is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans).
2.Myristicaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists; it is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans).
3. Cardamom It is native to the East originating in the forests of the western ghats in southern India, where it grows wild. Today it also grows in Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Indo China and Tanzania. The ancient Egyptians chewed cardamom seeds as a tooth cleaner; the Greeks and Romans used it as a perfume. Vikings came upon cardamom about one thousand years ago, in Constantinople, and introduced it into Scandinavia, where it remains popular to this day.
Cardamom is an expensive spice, second only to saffron. It is often adulterated and there are many inferior substitutes from cardamom-related plants, such as Siam cardamom, Nepal cardamom, winged Java cardamom, and bastard cardamom. However, it is only Elettaria cardamomum which is the true cardamom. Indian cardamom is known in two main varieties: Malabar cardamom and Mysore cardamom. The Mysore variety contains higher levels of cineol and limonene and hence is more aromatic
4.Eugenia aromatica Kuntze ( clove oil ) Clove is widely cultivated in Indonesia, Sri-Lanka, Madagascar, Tanzania, and Brazil. It is used in limited amounts in food products as a fragrant, flavoring agent, and antiseptic.Cardamom is an expensive spice, second only to saffron. It is often adulterated and there are many inferior substitutes from cardamom-related plants, such as Siam cardamom, Nepal cardamom, winged Java cardamom, and bastard cardamom. However, it is only Elettaria cardamomum which is the true cardamom. Indian cardamom is known in two main varieties: Malabar cardamom and Mysore cardamom. The Mysore variety contains higher levels of cineol and limonene and hence is more aromatic
Clinical trials assessing monotherapy of clove are limited, although the expert panel German Commission E has approved the use of clove as a topical antiseptic and anesthetic. Other uses for clove, such as premature ejaculation, dry socket, and fever reduction, lack reliable human clinical evidence.Eugenol, a constituent of clove, has been used for analgesic, local anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. It is used in the form of a paste or mixture as dental cement, filler, and restorative material.
Plant oils, including clove, may be used in livestock to inhibit microbial fermentation in waste products.
5.Terminalia chebula (Black Myrobalan or Chebulic Myrobalan; Chinese: 诃子 he zi; Sanskrit: haritaki; Tibetan: A-ru-ra) is a species of Terminalia, native to southern Asia from India and Nepal east to southwestern China (Yunnan), and south to Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Vietnam.
(History.—Several other species yield commercial myrobalans, but the fruit is almost unknown in Western commerce. In India and China, where the species are indigenous, the fruit is highly valued for almost every ill that flesh is heir to. The hard wood takes a fine polish and is useful in cabinet work. The creamy, fragrant juice of the T. angustifolia, Wight, when dried, is used in Indian temple worship as an incense. The tree is regarded sacred, and has interesting historical and mythological connections. The celebrated India Ink is the product of the bark and leaves of T. cattapa, Linné. All the species yield a tanning bark. The leaves, bark, and fruit yield a dye, which with iron gives a rich black, and with alum a fine yellow color.
Description.—Chebula myrobalans are ovoid or oblong, about the size of the prune, yellow-brown, marked with 5 or 6 obtuse angles, and ribbed. The light-brown endocarp is resin-dotted. The single seed is white. The Myrobalani citrinae, or Yellow myrobalans, are smaller, orange or yellow-hued, and of a more pronounced bitter taste. They have been sold as white galls. The unripe fruit is known as Myrobalani nigrae, or Black myrobalans. They are blackish, shrivelled and brittle, glossy on fracture, and contain either none or an imperfect seed. They are astringent and somewhat sour.)
6.Terminalia citrina Roxb. ex Flem.(Samo Dee Nguu)
Tree, 20-30 cm high; young branches pubescent. Leaves simple, opposite, subopposite or alternate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 2-6 cm wide, 3-14 cm long. Inflorescence in terminal panicle, apetalous; calyx greenish yellow. Fruit drupe-like, ellipsoid, turned greenish purple when ripe.
Young fruit: laxative, antipyretic, carminative; treatment of blood toxemia for post-labor (complications caused by abnormal menstruation and postpartum toxemia).
Trees of this genus are known especially as a source of secondary metabolites, e.g. cyclic triterpenes and their derivatives, flavonoids, tannins, and other aromatics. Some of these substances have antifungal, antibacterial, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective indications
8.Cassia garrettiana Craib, a Thai medicinal plant locally known as Samae-sarn, was investigated for
its active constituents against HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR). Bioassay-guided fractionation of the heart wood
of this plant led to the isolation of a stilbene derivative (1, piceatannol) and an anthraquinone derivative (2,
chrysophanol). Piceatannol exhibited appreciable inhibitory effect against HIV-1 PR with an IC50 value of
25.4 μg/ml, whereas that of chrysophanol was 73.5 μg/ml. In addition, other two stilbenoids together with
three anthraquinone derivatives were also investigated for their anti-HIV-1 PR activities. The result
indicated that resveratrol possessed anti-HIV-1 PR activity with an IC50 value of 85.0 μg/ml, whereas other
stilbenoid (oxyresveratrol) and anthraquinone derivatives (emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein) were inactive (IC50 >
100 μg/ml).
9.AVICENNIACEAE:
Avicennia is a genus of flowering plants currently placed in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It contains mangrove trees, which occur in the intertidal zones of estuarine areas and are characterized by aerial roots. Species of Avicennia occur worldwide south of the Tropic of Cancer.
The taxonomic placement of Avicennia is contentious. In some classifications it has been placed in the family Verbenaceae, but more recently has been placed by some botanists in the monogeneric family Avicenniaceae. Recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that Avicennia is derived from within Acanthaceae, and the genus is included in that family in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Designation of species is made difficult by the great variations in form of Avicennia marina. Between eight and ten species are usually recognised, with Avicennia marina further divided into a number of subspecies.
10.Dracaena loureiri Gagnep and Myristica fragrans Houtt are plants commonly
found in Thai medicine ingredients. We are interested in investigating whether the
extracts from these two plants have any effect on tumor cells. A leukemic T cell line,
Jurkat, was chosen for preliminary demonstration of the effect of Dracaena loureiri
Gagnep and Myristica fragrans Houtt extracts. Both plant extracts significantly inhibited
Jurkat cell proliferation, measured by MTT and 3H-thymidine incorporation assays, at the
concentrations 50 and 100 ug/ml . The mechanism of inhibition was investigated by
apoptosis detection using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Both extracts
increased the numbers of sub-G1 cells at all concentrations tested. Our data suggested
that crude extracts from both Dracaena loureiri Gagnep and Myristica fragrans Houtt
inhibited proliferation of Jurkat cells by apoptosis induction.
Introduction: For a long period of time, traditional Thai medicines have been used for
disease relieving and health maintenance. Many intense studies has gradually been
increased for the search of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. The potential
compounds of secondary metabolites, especially phenolic compounds were investigated
11.Aquilaria crassna: Aquilaria crassna is a tree species that has been of great ethnobotanical importance to people throughout the Greater Mekong region and beyond. Its heartwood and resin are highly valued commodities that have been transported along long-established trade routes for thousands of years. However, this species has now become Critically Endangered, owing to over-exploitation. Currently the majority of Agarwood comes from wild populations and there is now a very real danger this species may become extinct if wild harvesting continues at the current rate. To conserve this species, it is vital that this plant becomes more widely grown in cultivation, to reduce the pressure on the few wild populations that remain.
Blood tonic
Taken dose: 3 caps a day.
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